Praktik Pemberian Makan Sebagai Bottleneck Kejadian Stunting Pada Baduta: Analisis Epidemiologi Cross-Sectional Di Lombok Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37824/jkqh.v14i1.2026.1225Keywords:
Asupan Makan, Baduta, Epidemiologi Gizi, Praktik Pemberian Makan, StuntingAbstract
Stunting merupakan indikator masalah gizi kronis yang menggambarkan penyimpangan pertumbuhan linier pada periode 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Meskipun berbagai upaya perbaikan gizi telah digalakkan, disparitas prevalensi antarwilayah, terutama di daerah perdesaan, masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan asupan makan dan komponen pola asuh terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak bawah dua tahun (baduta). Desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional diterapkan berdasarkan panduan pelaporan STROBE. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 76 pasangan pengasuh utama dan baduta di Desa Setungkep Lingsar, Kecamatan Keruak, yang diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square serta uji alternatif Fisher's Exact (alpha = 0,05). Hasil penelitian mendeteksi 27% baduta mengalami stunting. Ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara ketepatan asupan makan (p=0,001) dan praktik pemberian makan (p=0,001) dengan kejadian stunting. Sebaliknya, indikator stimulasi psikososial (p=0,872), praktik kebersihan (p=0,201), dan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan (p=0,931) tidak menunjukkan korelasi statistik yang bermakna pada populasi ini. Kualitas asupan gizi dan perilaku interaksi dalam pemberian makan merupakan faktor penyumbat utama atau bottleneck terhadap risiko gagal tumbuh. Program intervensi gizi di tingkat fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer perlu difokuskan pada peningkatan literasi ibu terkait manajemen Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) yang adaptif.
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